Social Work Degrees At A Glance
- 770+ Bachelor of Social Work programs nationwide
- 320+ Master of Social Work programs available
- 175+ Associate of Social Work programs
- 50+ Doctoral (DSW and PhD) programs for advanced practice
Social Work Degree Comparison Guide
Understanding the differences between social work degrees helps you choose the right educational path for your career goals. Each degree level opens different opportunities for practice, specialization, and earning potential.
| Degree Level | Duration | Median Salary | Career Options | Licensing Eligibility |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BSW | 4 years | $45,000-$55,000 | Case manager, social services | LBSW in select states |
| MSW | 2 years (1 year AS) | $55,000-$75,000 | Clinical practice, therapy, and administration | LMSW, LCSW |
| DSW/PhD | 3-5 years | $70,000-$95,000 | Research, teaching, leadership | LCSW (with MSW) |
Source: 2024 Bureau of Labor Statistics data. Salaries vary by location, specialization, and experience.
How to Choose Your Social Work Program
Selecting the right social work program requires careful consideration of accreditation, format, and career goals. The Council on Social Work Education (CSWE) accredits over 900 social work programs nationwide, ensuring quality education that meets professional standards.
Essential Factors to Consider
CSWE Accreditation: Critical for licensure eligibility in all 50 states. Only graduates from CSWE-accredited programs are eligible to pursue clinical licensure. Verify any program’s accreditation status through the official CSWE directory before enrolling.
Program Format: Choose between traditional campus programs, fully online degrees, or hybrid options. Online programs offer flexibility for working professionals, while campus programs provide in-person networking and traditional field placement opportunities.
Specialization Options: Most MSW programs offer concentrations in clinical practice, macro practice, children and families, healthcare, mental health, or school social work. Select a specialization aligned with your career interests and local job market demands.
Field Education Requirements: All accredited programs require supervised field placements. BSW programs require a minimum of 400 hours, while MSW programs require a minimum of 900 hours. Consider how you’ll complete these requirements when choosing your program format.
Types of Social Work Degrees
Bachelor of Social Work (BSW)
The BSW provides foundational knowledge in social work theory, research, and practice. This four-year degree prepares graduates for entry-level positions in social services and qualifies them for advanced standing in MSW programs, reducing graduate study to one year.
Currently, over 770 universities offer BSW programs across the United States. Coursework covers human behavior, social policy, research methods, and diversity. All BSW students complete at least 400 hours of supervised field education in community agencies.
Master of Social Work (MSW)
The MSW is the terminal practice degree for clinical social work. This graduate degree qualifies you for clinical licensure and advanced practice roles. Over 320 universities offer MSW programs, with an increasing number of options for online and part-time study.
Program Variations Include:
- Traditional MSW: 60 credits over two years for students with bachelor’s degrees in any field
- Advanced Standing MSW: 30-45 credits in one year for BSW graduates from CSWE-accredited programs
- Part-time MSW: Extended programs over 3-4 years for working professionals
- Online MSW: Fully online or hybrid programs offering flexibility with synchronous and asynchronous coursework
Doctoral Degrees (DSW and PhD)
Doctoral programs prepare social workers for leadership, research, and academic roles. The DSW focuses on advanced clinical practice and administration, while the PhD emphasizes research and theory development. Both degrees typically require 3-5 years of additional study beyond the MSW.
Understanding Social Work Practice Levels
Micro Social Work: Direct practice with individuals and families, including clinical therapy, case management, and individual advocacy. Micro practitioners work one-on-one with clients to address personal challenges and connect them with resources.
Mezzo Social Work: Work with groups and communities, including program development, group therapy, and community organizing. Mezzo practitioners bridge the gap between individual services and large-scale social change.
Macro Social Work: Systems-level practice including policy development, administration, and social advocacy. Macro practitioners focus on creating broad social change through policy, research, and leadership within organizations.
Online vs. Campus Social Work Programs
The rise of online education has transformed social work training, with over 100 accredited online programs now available. According to the National Association of Social Workers (NASW), online programs meeting CSWE standards provide equivalent preparation for professional practice.
| Program Feature | Online Programs | Campus Programs |
|---|---|---|
| Flexibility | Study anywhere, often asynchronously | Fixed schedule and location |
| Networking | Virtual connections, broader geographic reach | In-person relationships, local connections |
| Field Placement | Arranged locally by student or school | School-coordinated placements |
| Technology Requirements | Reliable internet, computer, webcam | Minimal technology needs |
| Cost | Often lower (no relocation/commute) | Additional campus fees are possible |
Social Work Careers and Salaries
Social work offers diverse career paths across various settings, including healthcare, education, government, and private practice. The Bureau of Labor Statistics projects 7% overall job growth for social workers from 2022 to 2032, with some specialties, such as healthcare social work, growing faster at around 10%, which is faster than the average for all occupations.
Career Paths by Practice Level
Micro Practice (Individual and Family):
- Clinical social worker: $50,000-$80,000
- School social worker: $48,000-$65,000
- Healthcare social worker: $52,000-$70,000
- Private practice therapist: $60,000-$100,000+
Mezzo Practice (Groups and Communities):
- Program coordinator: $45,000-$65,000
- Community organizer: $42,000-$58,000
- Nonprofit director: $55,000-$85,000
Macro Practice (Systems and Policy):
- Policy analyst: $55,000-$75,000
- Grant writer: $48,000-$65,000
- Social work administrator: $65,000-$95,000
Social Work Licensing Requirements
Professional licensure safeguards the public and ensures the delivery of competent practice. Each state maintains specific requirements, but most follow a similar progression from graduation through independent clinical practice.
Common License Types
LBSW (Licensed Bachelor Social Worker): Entry-level license available in select states for BSW graduates. Requires a degree from a CSWE-accredited program and passing the bachelor’s level ASWB exam.
LMSW (Licensed Master Social Worker): Generalist practice license for MSW graduates. Requires a CSWE-accredited MSW and passing the master’s level ASWB exam. Allows non-clinical practice under supervision.
LCSW (Licensed Clinical Social Worker): Advanced practice license for independent clinical practice. Requires MSW, 2-3 years supervised clinical experience (typically 3,000 hours), and passing the clinical ASWB exam.
LICSW (Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker): Used in some states instead of or in addition to LCSW—requirements similar to LCSW with emphasis on independent practice authority.
Visit your state’s Board of Social Work website for specific requirements, as regulations vary significantly from state to state. Some states require additional coursework in ethics, cultural competency, or specific practice areas.
Frequently Asked Questions
Do I need a BSW before pursuing an MSW?
No, you don’t need a BSW to enter most MSW programs. Students with bachelor’s degrees in any field can apply to traditional two-year MSW programs. However, BSW graduates from CSWE-accredited programs qualify for advanced standing, allowing them to complete their MSW in just one year.
How much does social work school cost?
BSW programs at public universities average $10,000-$25,000 annually for in-state students. MSW programs range from $15,000 to $45,000 per year, with private universities typically costing more. Many students qualify for federal aid, scholarships, and loan forgiveness programs specifically designed for students pursuing a career in social work.
What’s the difference between a social worker and a therapist?
Licensed clinical social workers (LCSWs) can provide therapy and mental health treatment, similar to counselors and psychologists. However, social workers also address environmental factors, connect clients to resources, and advocate for systemic change. Social work training emphasizes the person-in-environment perspective.
How long does it take to become a licensed clinical social worker?
The typical timeline includes 4 years for a BSW (or a bachelor’s degree in another field), 1-2 years for an MSW, and 2-3 years of supervised clinical experience. The total time from starting college to LCSW licensure ranges from 7 to 10 years, although advanced standing and accelerated programs can reduce this timeline.
What degree do you need to be a social worker?
The minimum degree needed to be a social worker varies by state and practice area (see our complete BSW vs MSW vs DSW comparison). Entry-level positions often require a Bachelor of Social Work (BSW) from a CSWE-accredited program. However, to become a licensed clinical social worker (LCSW) and provide therapy or work independently, you’ll need a Master of Social Work (MSW) from an accredited program plus supervised clinical experience. Some states allow limited practice with a BSW and LBSW license.
Is a social work degree worth it?
A social work degree offers substantial value for those committed to helping others. With median salaries ranging from $50,000 to $75,000 and 7% job growth projected through 2032, social work offers stable career prospects. Beyond financial considerations, social workers report high job satisfaction from making meaningful differences in people’s lives. The degree also provides versatility, with opportunities in healthcare, schools, government, and private practice. Many social workers are eligible for Public Service Loan Forgiveness, which can help reduce education costs.
Can you get a social work degree online?
Yes, you can earn a fully accredited social work degree online. Over 100 CSWE-accredited online programs now offer online BSW and online MSW degrees that provide the same licensure eligibility as their campus-based counterparts. Online programs include the same curriculum and field placement requirements as traditional programs. The key is to ensure that any online program you choose maintains CSWE accreditation, as this is required for professional licensure in all states.
What’s the fastest way to become a social worker?
The fastest path to becoming a social worker is through an accelerated or advanced standing MSW program. If you already have a BSW from a CSWE-accredited program, you can complete an advanced standing MSW in just one year. For those with a bachelor’s degree in a field other than social work, some schools offer accelerated 12-to 16-month MSW programs. After graduation, you can begin practicing immediately with an LMSW license while accumulating hours toward clinical licensure.
Do all social workers need a master’s degree?
Not all social workers need a master’s degree, but career options expand significantly with an MSW. BSW graduates can work in case management, community outreach, and social services positions. However, most states require an MSW for clinical practice, therapy, and independent licensure. Additionally, many specialized positions in healthcare, schools, and mental health settings prefer or require master ‘s-level education. The MSW has become the standard credential for professional advancement in the field of social work.
The Voices of Social Work Podcast
Join Anna Shull, LMSW, for candid conversations with social workers making a difference in their communities. Our podcast delves into authentic career journeys, offers specialized insights, and provides practical advice for aspiring and current social workers.
Listen on Spotify or YouTube for inspiring stories and expert guidance on building your social work career.
Your Next Steps
Ready to begin your social work education journey? Start by exploring our comprehensive program database to find schools that match your needs:
- Browse by Degree Level: BSW Programs | MSW Programs | Doctoral Programs
- Explore Online Options: Online BSW | Online MSW | Online DSW
- Find Programs by State: View our complete state-by-state directory
- Specialized Paths: Advanced Standing MSW | MSW without BSW | Clinical MSW
For personalized guidance, explore our resources on how to become a social worker, understand CSWE accreditation, and learn about state licensing requirements.
Questions about your social work education path? Our comprehensive guides and program database help you make informed decisions about your future in the social work field. Start exploring today to find the program that aligns with your career goals and personal circumstances.
SocialWorkDegrees.org maintains the most comprehensive database of CSWE-accredited social work programs in the United States. Our mission is to connect prospective students with quality education opportunities and support their journey into the social work profession. This content is regularly updated to reflect current education standards and licensing requirements.
